221 Martynas Maþvydas and
Old Lithuania
considerably earlier. Furthermore Karaciejus supports K. Jablonskis and Pranas
Skardþius view [...] that the first Lithuanian book was intended for Lithuania
Major, whereas Maþvydas later works - for Lithuania Minor (p.170).
The title of Saulius Ambrazas article is Some derivative features in the wri-
tings by M.Maþvydas from the diachronic point of view (pp.175-188). Ambrazas
discusses derivatives with the suffixes -tojas (-tojis), -inykas(-ë), -ybë and -imas/
-ymas and places them geographically and historically. For example, he writes
(p.185): The l6th-17th-century nomina agentis derived with the suffix -tojas from
primary verbs were widely used in the Low Lithuanian and in the High Lithua-
nian dialect of Lithuania Minor (East Prussia); in the East and Middle High
Lithuanian dialects, they were in that period being pushed from active use by
corresponding derivatives with the suffix -ëjas. The article is solid and workman-
like, but one must read the article to see that apparently the title has been wrongly
translated. A derivative feature is a feature which is derived from something or
other. Similarly derivative isoglosses (p.185) would be isoglosses which were so-
mehow derived. The title should contain some phrase such as features of deriva-
tives or perhaps procedures of derivation or even, although perhaps less desirable,
derivational features. Since in effect the article deals with suffixation, I would have
preferred a title such as Some derivational suffixes in the writings by M.Maþ-
vydas from the diachronic point of view.
Regina Koþeniauskienës article, The context of Martynas Maþvydas rhetorical
text (pp.191-212) begins with the sentence: Rhetorical humanistic thinking,
which permeated the written literature of the Renaissance epoch, is distinct in its
all [sic!] genres, also in prefaces, dedications and other inserts of the main text of
the first printed books in national languages, which most frequently were cate-
chisms (p.191). Although it is not completely clear to me, I can get a notion of what
the author might mean. But if there is any dialect of English where the sequence
*its all genres is acceptable, I am quite unfamiliar with it. On p.198 we find the
sentence: Or, just think how Lithuanian are the following words in Upaminagimas:
makslas, scheimina, darbas, prakaitas, iszganitagis, gals, while the archaic forms of the
subjunctive mood iszmaktumbet, atmintumbet, preimtumbet impart peculiar rhetoric
poeticism. The Lithuanian words are not glossed into English in the text and even
if they were, how would the English speaker who did not know Lithuanian be able
to appreciate them as being quintessentially Lithuanian? If the text was designed
for someone who knows Lithuanian well, why bother to translate it into English
at all? Elsewhere in the volume (Christian) Stangs name has been preserved in its
original form, but on p.198 it appears in the Lithuanianized form Stangas.
Eugenija Ulèinaitës article, Letters of the humanists of 16th century Lithuania:
European tradition and originality (pp.215-233) treats the letters of such notable
figures as Abraomas Kulvietis, Aloisius Lipoman [sic!], Mikalojus Radvila the
Black, Stanislovas Rapolionis, Augustinus Rotundas. One of the most interesting
things in Rotundas letter to Stephen Batory is his suggestion that Latin should
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